View of the Philadelphia Volunteer Refreshment Saloons.

Philadelphia: T. Williams, 1861. . Lithograph printed in four colors, 22 x 27 inches on a sheet measuring 23 7/8 x 29 1/2. Central large image and five smaller, all beneath the Stars and Stripes surmounted by the American Eagle. Recently de-acidified and backed with japanese tissue; some minor staining lightened; blind-stamp of the publisher at bottom right. Please see Marzio, Peter, The Democratic Art page 290, plate 28 (Peters Collection in the National Museum of History & Technology, Smithsonian Institution).The lithographer was Thomas S. Sinclair, a Scotsmen who trained in Edinburgh. He published another Queen hand-colored lithograph in 1861 entitled Union Volunteer Refreshment Saloon of Philadelphia. See Peters, America on Stone, p. 368. He was one of the earliest color lithographers in this country.We have located three other copies: one each in the Otis Archives at the National Museum of Medicine and Health; the Library Company; and the Pennsylvania Historical Society. The Library of Congress owns the second Queen lithograph.The Volunteer Saloons grew into the Santitarty Commission, the precursor of the American Red Cross. At this point, the civilian members were catering to the needs of the healthy new recruits