New Research Trends of Fluorite-Based Oxide Materials: From Basic Chemistry and Materials Science to Engineering Applications

Junichiro Mizusaki (Editor)
Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

Series: Chemistry Research and Applications
BISAC: SCI013030

Fluorite-based oxide materials such as stabilized zriconias, doped cerias, and urania represent a group of the most important key engineering materials in our modern society, with their well-known various electrochemical, ceramic and nuclear etc. applications. This is primarily due to their multi-lateral excellent physical/chemical properties such as high chemical/structure stability, high oxide ion conductivity, superior mechanical strength, and unique nuclear properties, and so on. For example, urania UO2 and urania-plutonia mixed-oxide (U,Pu)O2 are almost exclusively used to represent nuclear fuels in commercial nuclear power plants throughout the world. Also in non-nuclear next-generation clean hydrogen energy technology such as solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), stabilized zirconias and doped cerias are the key solid electrolyes (oxide ion conductors) for their current and future more efficient versions.

Stabilized zirconias, the most widely used fluorite materials, find other various practical and potential applications such as solid electrolytes for oxygen sensors/monitors/pumps, thermal barrier coatings, conventional and novel super-plastic and ultra-hard structural/refractory ceramics, high-pressure media, dielectric insulators/substrates, catalysts, synthetic teeth/jewels, etc. in non-nulcear areas and inert-matrix fuel and radioactive nuclear waste form in the nuclear area. Ceria-based systems have recently attracted increasingly more attention also as catalysts for pollution gas/liquid managements and chemical substance syntheses.

Concurrently with such expanding technological applications, the rapid progress of various theoretical, computational and experimental research techniques in recent years has brought a great advance in our understanding of their key basic properties, such as bulk thermal, thermodynamic, mechanical, defects and transport properties, grain boundary structure, gas/solid interfacial electrochemical, catalytic and local-structural properties, and radiation tolerance, and so on. In this book, with the hope of covering as wide a range as possible of basics and applications of these fascinating oxide materials in a single book, the eleven experts were invited to contribute one chapter each and intend to convey a timely up-to-date comprehensive review of their latest research trends. We believe this book will not only further stimulate the interest of concerned chemists, physicists and materials scientists in these materials, but can also serve as a unique guide for young undergraduate and graduate students. (Imprint: Nova)

This book was written primarily for professional scientists and engineers engaged in various aspects of basic and applied researches of ceramic oxides, especially fluorite-oxide based ones, but can serve also as an unique introduction and guide to young graduate and undergraduate students who now (or will) major in materials / ceramic science and engineering, metallurgy, solid state chemistry / physics, etc. Researchers and engineers who are engaged in research / development of new electrochemical, ceramic and nuclear etc functional devices and materials both in basic-research institutes and industrial development centers will find it very useful for their actual works. It will also appeal to diverse non-professional people who are interested in the current speedy practical applications of esthetically-fascinating zirconia synthetic teeth, high-quality cubic-zirconia synthetic jewels, new clean hydrogen energy systems, fuel cells, and crucial safety issue of nuclear power plants in severe accident cases such as in Fukushima, and so on.

Table of Contents

Preface

Contributors

Chapter 1. Solid State Ionics of Defect-Fluorite Oxides: Defect
Chemistry of Oxygen Vacancy Diffusion and Kinetics of Gas
Electrode Reactions
(Junichiro Mizusaki, Tohoku University, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan)

Chapter 2. Ceria-Based Solid Solutions: Structure, Property and Applications
(V. Grover and A. K. Tyagi, Chem. Div., Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai, India)

Chapter 3. Crystal Structure, Structural Disorder and Oxide-Ion
Diffusional Pathway of the Fluorite-Type Oxides and
Fluorite-Related Phases
(Masatomo Yashima, Dept. Chemistry and Materials Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan)

Chapter 4. New Defect-Crystal-Chemistry Approach to
Fluorite-Based MO2-LnO1.5 Solid Solutions (M4+ = Ce and Th; Ln3+ = Lanthanide)
(Akio Nakamura, Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Japan)

Chapter 5. YSZ and Doped Ceria： Difference in SOFC Electrode Reaction Mechanism
(Haruo Kishimoto and Harumi Yokokawa, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan)

Chapter 6. Mechanical Properties of Fluorite-Structured Oxides
(Alan Atkinson, Department of Materials, Imperial College, London UK)

Chapter 7. Grain-Boundary Structures of Stabilized Zirconia
(Naoya Shibata and Yuichi Ikuhara, Inst. of Engineering Innovation, School of Engineering, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan)

Chapter 8. Tetragonal Zirconia Polycrystalline (TZP) as a New Dental Material
(Motohiro Uo, Advanced Biomaterials Section, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan)

Chapter 9. Computer Simulation of Fluorite-Based Oxides for
Nuclear Applications
(Tatsumi Arima, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan)

Chapter 10. Formation and Morphology of UO2 Image Crystal
(Hiroyuki Serizawa, Ohisi Yuji, Yoshiyuki Kaji and Shinsuke Yamanaka, Nuclear Science and Engineering Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Ibaraki, Japan and others)

Chapter 11. Stabilized Zirconia for Actinide Transmutation and
Conditioning
(Marcus Walter and Joseph Somers, European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Transuranium Elements, Karlsruhe, Germany)

Index