Search Results: Authors starting with E from Atticus Rare Books

The Institute of Radio Engineers, 1949. 1st Edition. FIRST EDITION IN ORIGINAL WRAPPERS OF A PAPER BY PRESPER ECKERT, et al. DESCRIBING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE HIGH-SPEED MERCURY DELAY LINE MEMORY FOR COMPUTER APPLICATIONS. The acoustic delay line was invented by William Shockley in 1942 and developed by Presper Eckert in 1943 using mercury for a radar application. It was later developed for use in computers by Eckert and became the first widely accepted computer memory system. "A delay line stores information in serial form by continuously circulating data through a liquid or solid medium. A piezo-electric transducer converts a digital electronic signal into a series of pulses that travel through the line. A second transducer receives and amplifies the signal for transmission back to the source. Information is recirculated until accessed or changed by the computer. The physical length of a line determines the amount of information that may be stored. John Adam Presper Eckert Jr. (1919-1995) was… Read More

London: Royal Society, 1938. 1st Edition. FIRST EDITION OF THE FIRST CORRECT "SOLUTION TO THE MANY-BODY PROBLEM IN CELESTIAL MECHANICS UNDER EINSTEIN'S THEORY OF GRAVITY FOR THE SPECIAL CASE OF POINT MASSES" (History of Physics: The Wenner Collection). Eddington and Clark's equations "are now frequently used for high precision tracking of planetary orbits and spacecraft movements within the Solar System" (ibid). "The problem of the secular acceleration of the center of mass of binary systems has a checkered history. Levi-Civita (1937) first pointed out that general relativity predicted a secular acceleration in the direction of the periastron of the orbit, and found a binary system candidate in which he felt the effect might one day be observable. Eddington and Clark (1938) repeated the calculation using de Sitter's (1916) n-body equations of motion. After first finding a secular acceleration of opposite sign to that of Levi-Civita, they then discovered an error in de Sitter's equations, and… Read More

London: Macmillan, 1924. 1st Edition. Full volume. FIRST EDITION OF EDDINGTON'S PAPER PROPOSING A CHANGE IN COORDINATE SYSTEMS THAT WILL ELIMINATE THE SCHWARZSCHILD SINGULARITY. The physical significance of this singularity, and whether this singularity could ever occur in nature, was debated for many decades" until the possibility of a black hole was accepted in the second half of the 20th century (Wikipedia). In this paper, Eddington made a coordinate change which transformed the Schwarzchild metric into a form which was not singular, thereby rejecting Schwarzchild's implication of relativistic quantum mechanics rather than accept the possibility of black holes. ALSO INCLUDED: FIRST EDITION OF KRAMERS' LAW OF DISPERSION, A FORMULATION THAT CAME CLOSE TO PROVIDING A FORMULATION OF QUANTUM MECHANICS, BUT DID NOT DO SO. Prior to the development of matrix mechanics, a number of papers on the quantum theory of radiation and its dispersion came close to providing a formulation of quantum mechanics,… Read More

New York: The New York Times, 1945. 1st Edition. First edition of the August 14th, 1945 issue of the New York Times, complete with "Certificate of Authentication" by the Historic Newspaper Archives. The certificate is #379910; it is signed and includes the seal of the archive. Einstein's article appears in Calaprice's Einstein Almanac, No. 244). The certificate will accompany the paper. Most assume that Einstein received the Nobel Prize for his theory of relativity and his famous equation, E=mc2. However it was for neither. In 1921, Einstein won the Nobel Prize for discovering the photoelectric effect in 1905. This principle states that, when sunlight shines on a metal, it emits electrons from the surface of the material. The energy from sunlight (photons) then transfers to the atoms' electrons and knocks them loose. This discovery was so significant that it has influenced the development of many types of technology, from electron microscopes to modern solar cells as we know them today. ALSO… Read More

Braunschweig: Friedr. Vieweg & Sohn, 1915. 1st Edition. FIRST EDITION, FULL BOUND VOLUME, OF THE EINSTEIN-DE HAAS EFFECT -- an experimental observation that illustrates the relationship between magnetism and angular momentum and in which a change in the magnetic moment causes the rotation of a free body. In this 1915 paper, Albert Einstein and Wander de Haas report that changing the magnetization of a suspended iron rod by applying an external magnetic field leads to mechanical rotation of the rod - a result that still stands as a textbook illustration of the relationship between magnetism and angular momentum. Papers by Planck (The Quantum Hypothesis for Molecules with Multiple Degrees of Freedom), von Laue, Warburg, Siegbahn, and Born are also present. Einstein had long contemplated Ampère's 1820 conjecture that magnetism is caused by the microscopic circular motions of electric charges. In light of this [Einstein and de Haas] devised an experiment to test not just Ampère's hypothesis, but also… Read More

New York: New York Times, 1931. 1st Edition. First edition of the October 19th, 1931 issue of the New York Times, complete with "Certificate of Authentication" by the Historic Newspaper Archives. The certificate is #379912; it is signed and includes the seal of the archive. Einstein was asked to contribute to the New York Times' "World Mourns the Death of Edison; Body to Lie in State in Laboratory.". CONDITION: Historic Newspaper Archives (see above) has placed the issue in archival plastic and then into an Archive snap close bag. (see photo) By any measure, this complete issue appears in very good condition.

Berlin: Verlag der Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1922. 1st Edition. FIRST EDITION, COMMERCIAL OFFPRINT ISSUE, OF EINSTEIN'S THEORY OF THE LIGHT PROPAGATION IN DISPERSIVE MEDIA. WEIL 120. "After 1917 Einstein firmly believed that light-quanta were here to stay [thus] it is not surprising that he would look for new ways in which the existence of photons might lead to observable deviation from the classical picture. In this he did not succeed. At one point, in 1921, he thought he had found a new quantum criterion, but it soon turned out to be a false lead [as demonstrated in this paper]" (Schilpp-Shields 162). That paper — the one offered here — is Einstein's evidence that his 1921 efforts were incorrect. In it, Einstein introduces a calculation on the topic and explains why [his] earlier proposed experiment had not been well considered because it could not predict a good choice between two theoretical alternatives" (Calaprice, Einstein Encyclopedia, 98). CONDITION & DETAILS: Berlin: Koniglich… Read More

Paris: Gauthier-Villars, 1921. 1st Edition. FIRST FRENCH EDITION OF A 1921 LECTURE BY EINSTEIN ON THE "GEOMETRIZATION OF PHYSICS AND RELATIVITY AND THE RELATION OF MATHEMATICS TO THE EXTERNAL WORLD" (Dictionary of Scientific Biography 4, 330). WEIL 115b. French translation by Maurice Solovince. In the same year in which he won the Nobel Prize, 1921, Einstein delivered this paper as a lecture at "a commemorative session of the Prussian Academy of Sciences in honor of Frederick the Great" (Calaprice, Einstein Almanac, 65). In "Geometrie und Erfahrung" (Geometry and Experience), Einstein advances his theory that space conforms to non-Euclidean principles of geometry -- a corollary of the Theory of Relativity - and, as stated, generally sums up his views on the "geometrization of physics and relativity and the relation of mathematics to the external world" (DSB). It is in this lecture that Einstein also provides his famous answer to the puzzling question of why mathematics should be so well adapted… Read More

Paris: Flammarion, 1938. 1st Edition. The evolution of ideas in physics, the first concepts to the theories of relativity and quanta. Translated from the English by Maurice Solovine. Paris, Flammarion, Library of scientific philosophy, 1938, in-12 paperback, illustrated first cover, 298 pp, with 73 figures in the text and 3 plates inset., 1938. Very good condition with minor edge wear. Bright and clean throughout. This is another book that we offer in the Flammarion Library of Scientific Philosopy Einstein series. The other piece, Einstein's Comment je fois le monde is offered separately.

1920. 1st Edition. First edition in original wraps of Einstein's review of a paper by Nobel Prize winner Walter Rudolf Hess entitled Theory of the Viscosity of Heterogeneous Systems. CONDITION: The journal was published in three sections. All three are here, all bright, clean, and in near fine condition.

Paris: Gauthier-Villars, 1921. 1st Edition. First edition of the first French translation of the conference held on May 5th, 1920 at the University of Leiden. The translation was done by Maurice Solovine. Original paper wrappers. Cited in Weil and Boni catalogs. CONDITION & DETAILS: Paris: Gauthier-Villars et Cie, Imprimeurs-Editeurs. Complete. 16 pages with some bibliographic notes. 14 x 22.50 cm. Some toning and spotting to the wraps; small missing area of paper on the rear wrap. Good.

1925. 1st Edition. FIRST EDITION IN ORIGINAL PICTORIAL WRAPPERS. Near fine condition. "This paper is an early example of a series of papers - which continued until his death - in which he explored, within the confines of general relativity, possible pathways in the direction of a unified field theory. Here he discusses whether it is possible to explain why electrons and protons have equal charge but unequal masses. He notes that a more natural solution to the field equations would be particles of opposite sign and equal mass, thus anticipating (but for unrelated "Select Annotated Biography 114, p. 307). ALSO INCLUDED: Zeeman, "Lorentz en de Hypothese der Licht-Quanta Bij de Voortplanting Van Licht," pp. 325-330 [Lorentz was Zeeman's mentor]. ALSO INCLUDED: Some of the issue is a memorial to Lorentz. CONDITION DETAILS: Complete issue. Very slight wear at the spine. Bright and clean inside and out. Near fine condition.

Berlin: Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1919. 1st Edition. FIRST EDITION, BOUND EXTRACT OF ONE OF EINSTEIN'S MORE SIGNIFICANT MODIFICATIONS OF GENERAL RELATIVITY, THIS SPECIFICALLY MARKING THE BEGINNINGS OF HIS UNIFIED FIELD THEORY - an approach he remained committed to for the remainder of his life. "The major interest of this paper is that [Einstein's] attention [had] now shifted from possible quantum modifications of general relativity to the search for a unified theory of the electromagnetic and gravitational fields, on the basis of which he hoped to explain the structure of matter. Quantum effects are to be derived from such a theory, rather than postulated ad hoc" (Iyer and Bhawal, Black Holes, Gravitational Radiation and the Universe, pp. 525-526). "As so often the case in relativity, the story of quantum gravity begins with Einstein himself. Soon after the final formulation of general relativity, he pointed out the need for a quantum modification of the theory. In his first paper on… Read More

Leipzig: Barth, 1906. 1st Edition. FIRST EDITION, FIRST ISSUE of two important 1906 Einstein papers. Einstein wrote two papers on the photoelectric effect, his revolutionary 1905 paper and "Zur Theorie der Lichterzeugung und Lichtabsorption," his continuation of it. In them, Einstein employed Planck's theory that luminous energy can be absorbed or emitted only in discrete amounts (called quanta) and proposed a theory of light quanta involving particles with no mass (photons) whose energy depended on frequency. All of Einstein's experimental results confirmed that light actually consisted of discrete energy packets. "Based on this theory, Einstein wrote an equation describing how the photoelectric effect works. The energy of individual electrons emitted by a photocell is a function of the frequency of the light hitting the photocell, and the rate of electron emission is a function of the light source's intensity (number of photons with sufficient energy being emitted). This is contrary to what is… Read More

Berlin: Julius Springer, 1918. 1st Edition. FIRST EDITION IN ORIGINAL WRAPPERS OF EINSTEIN'S REVIEW OF WEYL'S SEMINAL WORK, RAUM-ZEIT-MATERIE [SPACE-TIME-MATTERS] -- WEYL'S STUDY OF THE THEORY OF RELATIVITY, written after spending a year with Einstein as the latter was working out the details of his theory. Weyl's work is still considered "the standard treatise on the general theory of relativity" (Nature). In the very favorable review offered here, Einstein writes "every page shows the amazingly steady hand of the master who has penetrated the subject matter from the most diverse angles... [Weyl] understood how to combine mathematical rigor with graphic intuition" (Einstein, 373). Weyl's work includes "an exposition and examination of Einstein's general theory of relativity and the concomitant theory of gravitation. A detailed investigation follows devoted to gravitational waves, a rigorous solution of the problem of one body, laws of conservation, and the energy of gravitation" (Stanford… Read More

Berlin: Julius Springer, 1920. 1st Edition. FIRST EDITION IN ORIGINAL WRAPPERS OF EINSTEIN'S LEIDEN LECTURE EXPLAINING AT LENGTH HIS THEORY OF THE ETHER ALONG WITH THOSE OF LORENTZ & MAXWELL. Very good + condition. "Einstein's lecture at the University of Leiden on the occasion of his appointment as a visiting professor summarized his current views on the ether and retrospectively looked at the development of his opinions on the physical properties of space" (Calaprice, The Einstein Almanac, 86). In this lecture, Einstein recanted his earlier denial of the ether, writing: "Recapitulating, we may say that according to the general theory of relativity space is endowed with physical qualities; in this sense, therefore, there exists an ether. According to the general theory of relativity space without ether is unthinkable; for in such space there not only would be no propagation of light, but also no possibility of existence for standards of space and time (measuring-rods and clocks), nor therefore any… Read More

Berlin: Vieweg und Springer, 1924. 1st Edition. BOUND FIRST EDITION OF EINSTEIN'S 1924 PAPER ON THE PHYSICS OF RADIOMETERS; EINSTEIN'S TRANSLATION OF BOSE'S SECOND PAPER ON THE BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATE (WITH UNTITLED ADDENDUM BY EINSTEIN); & WENTZEL'S SECOND PROPHETIC PAPER ANTICIPATING FEYNMAN'S PATH INTEGRAL APPROACH TO QUANTUM MECHANICS. This volume bears the ownership stamp of Friedrich Hermann Hund, a physicist well-known for his work on atoms and molecules. The Einstein authored paper, Zur Theorie der Radiometerkräfte [On the Theory of Radiometric Forces] presents Einstein's theory on the cause of radiometric forces (the physics of radiometers). His paper finds that radiometric forces act also on surfaces normal to the temperature gradient, in other words, also on horizontal surfaces. Weil 139, 143a. ALSO INCLUDED: "Zur Quantentheorie des Röntgenbremsspektr ums" by Gregor Wentzel. "Unbeknownst to Feynmann, Wiener, or Dirac, Wentzel had anticipated several of the most important features of… Read More

Lancaster: American Physical Society, 1946. 1st Edition. FIRST EDITION IN ORIGINAL WRAPS OF SIGNIFICANT CORRECTIONS & ADDITIONS BY EINSTEIN & STRAUS TO AN IMPORTANT PAPER; AS WELL, A PAPER BY CHANDRASEKHAR ON THE ORIGIN OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM. In 1945 Albert Einstein and Ernst G. Straus introduced their Swiss cheese model of the universe in a paper entitled "The Influence of the Expansion of Space on the Gravitation Fields Surrounding the Individual Stars". (Weil 216). The following year they published "Corrections and Additional Remarks to Our Paper" (the 1945 paper), the paper offered here. In early 1945, Einstein returned to long held cosmological questions as he sought to try to understand whether the expansion of the universe caused the solar system to expand as well — or more specifically, the influence of the expansion of space on the gravitational field in the neighborhood of a star. Working with Straus, the two began studying the effect of inhomogeneities in an expanding model. "By the… Read More

Braunschweig: Druck und Vieweg. 1st Edition. FIRST EDITION (FULL VOLUME) OF THE PAPER IN WHICH EINSTEIN PROVIDES THE FIRST DESCRIPTION OF THE NATURE OF THE REFRACTIVE INDEX FOR X-RAYS, here clearly demonstrating that phase contrast effects are significant. "Inspired by the presence of fringes at the edges of objects in early X-ray images and by considerations of optical dispersion theory, Einstein suggested in 1918 that the real part of the index of refraction for X-rays in matter is slightly less than unity. This was confirmed in 1924 by Larsson et al. in measurements of wavelength-dependent refraction of X-rays by a prism" (Hornberger, Quantitative Amplitude, 1). "A century later, most x-ray microscopy and nearly all medical imaging remains based on absorption contrast, even though phase contrast offers orders of magnitude improvements in contrast and reduced radiation exposure at multi-keV x-ray energies"(ResearchGate, November 2015). Weil 104. Note that we offer this paper separately in its… Read More

Paris: Paul Gaultier, de l'Institut, 1934. 1st Edition. Paul Gaultier, de l'Institut. 13 x 19.5cm. 258pp. Handsome illustrated cover. How I see the World. Judaism, Politics and Pacifism in Germany 1933. Translated from the German by Colonel Cros. Content: Comment je vois le Monde - Politique et Pacifisme - Allemagne - Le Judaisme - Science. Minor wear at edges and spine Bright and clean inside and out. Very good condition.